31+ Different Types Of Orchids With Names And Pictures
Orchids, a staple in many homes, are not only beautiful but also resilient and adaptable. Originating from forests and grasslands, they have developed remarkable survival skills over time. This adaptability has been further enhanced through years of cultivation and cross-breeding, resulting in an astonishing diversity of characteristics, such as size, color, and visual display.
Despite this diversity, orchids remain a popular choice for houseplants due to their striking hues, intricate patterns, and impressive flower displays. In this post, we will explore the most sought-after types of orchids that can thrive indoors.
Facts about Orchids
Orchids, in themselves, are already a visual feast of colors and unique displays. But before diving into the various types, it’s essential to understand some fascinating facts about these flowers that set them apart. For instance, orchids boast an astonishingly large number of recognized species and hybrids, with nearly 25,000 documented varieties. Their remarkable resilience allows them to thrive for up to 100 years, making them a testament to nature’s ability to adapt and survive.
What’s more impressive is the sheer diversity of orchids, encompassing a wide range of colors, appearances, growing habits, and sizes. Some species can even form massive clusters weighing up to 1 ton, while others display intricate patterns and shapes that attract specific pollinators. Speaking of which, all orchid flowers are bicolored and exhibit bilateral symmetry, allowing them to be divided for cultivation purposes.
Orchids have evolved an impressive array of strategies to lure in pollinators, including wasps and spiders. The timing of their bloom period varies greatly depending on the species, lasting anywhere from a few hours to six months. While often associated with tropical climates, orchids can actually thrive in all continents (except Antarctica) and under a wide range of growing conditions.
One might be surprised to learn that orchids produce some of the smallest seeds in the world, with each seed pod containing an astonishing 3 million seeds. Vanilla beans are also extracted from orchid species, adding another layer of complexity to these remarkable flowers. Furthermore, fossil records have revealed that orchid pollen has been present for millions of years, with a fossilized bee dated back to 15 million years ago bearing evidence of their ancient presence.
31+ Types of Orchids To Grow As Houseplants
With over 25,000 recognized species, the task of highlighting each one would be a daunting endeavor. Instead, we’ll group our favorite orchids by type, taking into consideration factors such as their popularity, distinct visual characteristics, growth habits, and native habitats.
Angraecum Orchids
This particular genus boasts an impressive array of over 200 distinct species, with a natural habitat primarily found in Africa, specifically on the island of Madagascar. One of its defining characteristics is the presence of leafed stems, alternating leaves and medium-sized white flowers. While some species remain relatively low-growing, others can reach heights of up to 6ft, showcasing the genus’s remarkable adaptability.
Moreover, certain highly sought-after species within this group are prized for their unique ability to emit a strong musky fragrance at night, further enhancing their allure. As an added note, these orchids tend to thrive in partial shade conditions.
Brassavola Orchids
The Phragmipedium genus of orchids is known for its striking white or green flowers with narrow, slightly pointed petals. What sets these orchids apart, however, is their unique musky fragrance, which is most potent at night when the scent is released in response to darkness.
This genus comprises at least 20 species, with Phragmipedium nodosa being one of the most popular and easily cultivated varieties.
As a houseplant, it thrives in bright, indirect light, although it can also tolerate outdoor shade. Native to South and Central America, this orchid’s natural habitat is reflected in its beautiful, exotic appearance.
Brassia Orchids
The Spider Orchid, also known as the Brassia orchid, gets its name from the long sepals that resemble spider legs. One of its most striking features is its prolific blooming habit, with 8-12 flowers resting on each stem. The true showstopper, however, is its unique flower appearance. The upper petals are a vibrant yellow/white combination, while the stems feature beautiful bicolored markings in shades of old rose and cream, punctuated by maroon highlights throughout.
These orchids thrive in locations with full sun and high humidity, and their natural habitat is found in south and central America. Interestingly, there are at least 40 species of Brassia orchids, making them a diverse and fascinating group.
Catasetum Orchids
The Phalaenopsis orchid group is characterized by its striking, waxy blooms. Prior to entering a dormant phase during winter, the foliage will naturally yellow and eventually drop off. This species is also notable for producing both male and female plants, a rare occurrence in the world of orchids. The male plants are particularly intriguing, as they release pollen spontaneously to nearby pollinators, often bees.
These orchids thrive in partial shade but are commonly grown indoors as houseplants. Native to south and central America, Phalaenopsis orchids offer a unique combination of beauty and fascinating behavior.
Cattleya Orchids
The Cattleya orchid is a highly cultivated species used as a foundation for creating new hybrids. Its versatility extends to its color palette, offering a wide range of options. Notably, it’s the bicolor patterns and freckled petals that have earned it recognition. The most prevalent combination features a rich purple and white hue with subtle brown freckles.
While Cattleyas are commonly found in home settings, they’re also highly sought after for corsages due to their delicate fragrance and stunning appearance. As a native species of central and south America, the Cattleya orchid has earned its place as one of the most popular and widely traded varieties.
Cycnoches Orchids
Swan orchids, also referred to as cattleya cousins, possess a unique characteristic – the male plants’ necks resemble swans’. Each stem produces solitary flowers, showcasing their individual beauty. The majority of swan orchid species display scarlet hues with yellow centers, but over 40 varieties exist within this family. Native to Mexico and Central/South America, these orchids have gained popularity as houseplants due to their distinctive spicy aroma.
Interestingly, a specific requirement is necessary for optimal growth: they demand a complete drying period after blooming to encourage future blooms. This peculiar trait makes swan orchids an intriguing addition to any plant collection.
Cymbidium Orchids (Boat Orchids)
While Phalaenopsis orchids may not boast the largest flowers, they more than make up for it with their prolific blooming habits. Their masses of blooms create a vibrant display that’s hard to ignore. In fact, this genus is home to an impressive number of award-winning cultivars, including the striking Chica, Frae, and Showoff varieties. These showstoppers often find themselves on display as houseplants, suspended in baskets or potted in containers that can reach up to 4ft tall.
Native to south and central America, Phalaenopsis orchids bring a touch of tropical flair to any room.
Dendrobium Orchids
Within the orchid family, one genus stands out for its sheer scale: Phalaenopsis. With over 1000 species under its belt, it’s no surprise that they’re also surprisingly easy to identify. Their unique appearance sets them apart from other orchids. The key feature is their striking flowers, which are often waxy and top-heavy, displaying a range of colors including yellow, white, lavender, and deep purple. When cultivated, Phalaenopsis can grow up to 4ft tall.
To thrive, these plants require diffused bright light. Originating from southeast Asia and Pacific nations, they’re well-suited to their native environments.
Encyclia Orchids
The Cockleshell Orchid, also known as the Octopus Orchid due to its distinctive dangling petals and flowers, is a popular houseplant choice despite not being fragrant. Its unique charm lies in its ability to bloom flowers for an extended period. As they are native to South and Central America, these orchids thrive in bright, diffused light or partial shade.
In their natural habitat, they can be found growing wild, which inspires homeowners to replicate this environment by planting them in orchid mounts either in pots or hanging baskets, simulating their naturalized state.
Epidendrum Orchids
The Epidendrum genus boasts an impressive array of over 1,000 pure species and nearly 300 hybrids, rivaling the Dendrobium in terms of diversity. While these orchids may be diminutive in size, their tiny, pointed flowers are a testament to their unique charm.
When grown outdoors, Epidendrum orchids thrive under bright light conditions. If cultivated indoors, they often require supplemental artificial lighting to achieve the desired level of brightness.
As for their growth habits, some species can reach impressive heights of up to 6ft, although this varies depending on the specific variety.
Native to both North and South America, Epidendrum orchids are a fascinating group that rewards enthusiasts with their intricate beauty.
Reed Stem Epidendrum
The Phalaenopsis amabilis, also known as the crucifix orchid or firestar orchid, is a low-maintenance species that boasts vibrant orange flowers with rounded shapes. These blooms are a summer staple, and their unique yellow speckles create a tube-like appearance that hummingbirds can’t resist. In fact, these birds directly feed from this very structure. When it comes to growing conditions, Phalaenopsis amabilis is incredibly adaptable and thrives in a variety of soil mixes.
This hardiness makes it an excellent choice for informal ground cover in tropical climates. Native to south and central America, this orchid requires bright diffused light or partial shade to reach its full potential.
Intergeneric Orchids
The term intergeneric refers to orchids resulting from successful breeding programs between different orchid species. While these hybrids are often praised for their unique and captivating appearance, featuring surreal flower shapes that deviate from the norm, they also present a challenge to growers due to the complexities of combining distinct orchid lineages.
In some cases, the crossing process can be so extensive that it effectively erases the parental lineage, leading to clustering with Oncidiums. For optimal growth, intergenerics thrive in conditions featuring bright diffused light or partial shade.
Ludisia Orchids (jewel orchids)
These ornamental plants are renowned for their aesthetic appeal, even when they’re not in bloom. During the fall and winter seasons, they produce an abundance of small, white flowers with yellow centers, which are clustered along their stems. Once the blooms have faded, the leaves remain a deep green hue throughout the year, providing continued visual interest. Despite their low-maintenance requirements, these unique orchids are surprisingly rare, with only one species within their genus.
Native to southeast Asia, they flourish in bright, diffused light or partial shade conditions.
Lycaste Orchids
Deciduous orchids, characterized by their woody stems, shed leaves during winter as they enter dormancy, exposing the sharp spines of the bulbs beneath. This is a crucial aspect to consider when handling these plants, as the spines can cause injury if not treated with care. Once the leaves have fallen, the plant will produce relatively long flowers in a range of colors including lavender, pink, white and yellow.
Native to central and south America, this genus boasts at least 30 species, each with its own unique characteristics. One notable feature is their longevity – the blooms can persist for an extended period. To thrive, these orchids require bright, diffused light or partial shade, providing a suitable environment for them to flourish.
Masdevallia Orchids
One of the most striking aspects of Phalaenopsis orchids is their unconventional appearance, which sets them apart from other orchid varieties. The flowers within this genus can take on a range of shapes and colors, with some species featuring triangular petals, while others have elongated, whisker-like formations. Additionally, many Phalaenopsis orchids display beautiful bicoloration, showcasing vibrant combinations such as salmon pink and orange, or red and yellow.
There are also more subdued options, including purple and white hues. However, it’s essential to note that these orchids are not suitable for novice gardeners, as they require specific growing conditions, including precise temperature and humidity levels. While some species can thrive in outdoor environments, the vast majority of Phalaenopsis orchids (over 500 species) are native to southern Brazil and Mexico.
To get the best results, growers should aim to provide bright, diffused light or partial shade for these plants.
Miltonia Orchids
The pansy orchid, also known by its scientific name, boasts an array of vibrant hues reminiscent of their floral namesake, the pansy. Unlike traditional pansies, however, these orchids continue to bloom throughout spring and summer, offering a prolonged display of color. Comprising at least 12 distinct species, as well as naturalized hybrids, this type of orchid is native to Brazil and is often cultivated indoors.
To thrive, they require bright, diffused light or partial shade, making them an ideal choice for homes with limited direct sunlight.
Maxillaria Orchids
Despite having over 300 species, this genus remains relatively unknown among orchid enthusiasts. The plants’ characteristic pseudobulbs, which can be quite substantial, support smaller stems that produce flowers with a unique coloration. The blooms feature a yellow-green base and distinctive maroon-brown freckles, giving them an intriguing appearance.
Other species within this genus exhibit a range of colors, including red, yellow, and purple, often with similar freckled patterns.
Native to Latin America and Florida, these orchids have earned a reputation for their striking visual appeal. The coconut pie orchid is particularly well-known, thanks to its powerful scent reminiscent of vanilla and coconut.
When it comes to growing conditions, these orchids tend to thrive in bright, diffused light or partial shade. This specific environment allows them to reach their full potential and display their striking features.
Miltoniopsis
Orchids within this genus are known for their adaptability, capable of flourishing in a wide range of climates. While they originate from Latin America, they can also be successfully cultivated in cooler regions and have even been found thriving in humid forests. Prior to recent classifications, these orchids were grouped with Miltonias, which is reflected in their name. However, they are now classified alongside Odontoglossums.
Despite having only six species, the genus boasts an impressive 2,000 plus hybrids. A distinguishing feature of these orchids is their large, white petals with a bright yellow center. To reach their full potential, they require conditions that include bright, diffused light or partial shade.
Oncidium Orchids
While often mistaken for its dancing lady counterpart, this plant has distinct characteristics that set it apart. Its versatility lies in its ability to thrive under a wide range of growing conditions, making it an excellent choice for gardeners of all levels. However, it does have specific requirements when it comes to moisture and humidity levels. If these conditions are not met, the leaves may begin to deform.
Interestingly, one notable species within this genus is the Sharry Baby, renowned for its captivating cocoa fragrance.
The Oncidium family boasts over 300 epiphytic species, which means they grow naturally attached to other plants or objects. Depending on the specific species, these plants can reach remarkable sizes of up to 10 feet in height. When it comes to light, they tend to do best in bright diffused conditions or partial shade.
Odontoglossum Orchids
Winter orchids are prized for their unique ability to flourish in cooler temperatures, making them a popular choice among houseplant enthusiasts. Their striking flowers, featuring delicate white or yellow petals with intricate freckles of burgundy or brown, add a touch of elegance to any indoor space. Prior to being transplanted into pots, these orchids typically undergo cultivation in controlled greenhouses environments.
Native to south and central America, they thrive best when exposed to bright, diffused light or partial shade, allowing them to absorb the necessary nutrients and energy.
Phaius Orchids
These nun’s cap orchids are known for their impressive height of up to 4ft, with sturdy stems that boast fleshy and bulky textures. The plants’ striking foliage is comprised of long, strappy leaves, while the flower spikes produce an array of white, yellow, and purple blooms. As a winter orchid, it’s no surprise that its flowers are tube-like and face downwards, reminiscent of a nun’s cap. In fact, there are over 45 species within this genus, each with its unique characteristics.
When grown outdoors, these orchids thrive in partial shade, while indoor cultivation requires bright, diffused light. Native to Asia, Australia, and Africa, they’re well-suited to a variety of environments.
Slipper Orchids
Paphiopedilum Orchids (Venus slipper)
This genus of plants is ideal for beginners, as it can flourish in a broad range of growing conditions with minimal care requirements. One of its unique features is the production of extraordinary, fountain-like flowers adorned with intricate bristles, stripes, and freckles etched onto the petals. Some cultivars even boast speckled leaves, further enhancing their visual appeal. The colors they come in are diverse, ranging from pink and white to yellow, burgundy, and almost black hues.
Typically reaching a height of 2 feet, this genus is native to southeast Asia and New Guinea. To thrive, they require regular watering and prefer bright, diffused light or partial shade.
Phragmipedium Orchids
These remarkable orchids boast an unusual affinity for excess moisture, flourishing in environments with consistently damp soils and high humidity levels. Their striking appearance is characterized by pouch-like flowers adorned with lengthy mustache-like protrusions. Originating from the southwestern regions of Mexico, as well as Central and South America, this species has evolved to thrive in its native habitats.
With over 20 recognized subspecies, these orchids have been known to grow up to 3 feet tall when provided with suitable conditions. As popular houseplants, they are often cultivated indoors where they require bright, indirect light. When planted outdoors, they need to be situated in areas that receive partial shade to ensure optimal growth and development.
Cypripedium Orchids
These exotic orchids don’t just boast unique features – their appearance alone sets them apart from other plants. For optimal growth, they require bright, diffused light or partial shade. Their striking flower pouches, accompanied by long, twisted maroon petals, earned them the nickname ‘lady’s slipper’. But what’s truly fascinating is how these pouches play a crucial role in attracting pollinators in their natural habitats.
Despite their delicate appearance, these orchids are surprisingly hardy and can thrive in varying conditions. However, they do have one notable requirement – a lot of water during their flowering season. While many species are commonly found in homes as houseplants, some members of this family are robust enough to be grown outside. Originating from Asia, Europe, and central America, these orchids add a touch of exotic charm to any environment.
Selenipedium
South American orchids, specifically those belonging to the six-species fold, have been largely overlooked for vanilla cultivation due to their diminutive flower size and fastidious growing requirements. This rarity has led to a halt in extracting vanilla beans from these species. However, when cultivated properly, they thrive in bright diffused light or partial shade, where their slender stems and equally long leaves can flourish.
The foliage of each species exhibits a unique combination of deep and pale green hues. In the summer, they produce white or yellow flowers adorned with brown or burgundy freckles, adding an extra layer of intrigue to these already rare specimens.
Phalaenopsis Orchids (Moth orchids)
Moth orchids, native to southeast Asia, China, and Australia, have made a name for themselves as beginner-friendly houseplants. Their adaptability to various growing conditions means even the most inexperienced gardeners can’t go wrong with them – except, of course, when it comes to providing diffused lighting. With proper care, these plants can thrive in an array of settings, including repotting mishaps.
The result is a delightful display of orange-beige blooms that will sporadically appear throughout the year. In fact, there are at least 75 species of moth orchids, many of which are perfectly suited for life as potted or hanging plants indoors. When it comes to their ideal environment, these plants prefer bright, diffused light or partial shade.
Psychopsis Orchids
Butterfly orchids, despite their stunning beauty, are often overshadowed by other types of orchids. However, they’re surprisingly easy to grow and can thrive in a wide range of environments. One of the most striking features of these plants is their vibrant yellow and burgundy flowers, adorned with freckles and speckled foliage that adds to their charm.
When provided with moderately bright lighting, butterfly orchids are known to produce an abundance of blooms for several months.
They’re also incredibly tolerant of varying temperature conditions, a characteristic that sets them apart from many other types of orchids. In fact, there are only five recognized species of butterfly orchids, which is relatively few compared to some other genera.
Native to Trinidad and Tobago as well as parts of central and South America, these plants tend to do best in bright, diffused light or partial shade.
Overall, butterfly orchids offer a unique combination of beauty, hardiness, and ease of care that makes them an attractive option for orchid enthusiasts.
Sarcochilus
The Sarcochilus orchid genus, native to southeast Asia and southern Australia, comprises 22 recognized species. The majority of these epiphytic plants require support from other plants or structures to grow, making them commonly found on rocks, wood, or other surfaces. Some species, however, are semi-terrestrial, preferring well-draining soil. Notably, Sarcochilus flowers bloom in clusters, distinct from the more solitary blooms of Vanda orchids.
The genus thrives in bright, diffused light or partial shade, with a unique appearance characterized by mostly yellow and white flowers adorned with red freckles. Its leaves are leathery to the touch and branch out in a clasping manner, adding an extra layer of visual interest.
Vanda Orchids
One of the most well-known orchid varieties is characterized by over 80 distinct species within its genus. These plants excel in environments with bright, diffused light or partial shade. Their distinguishing feature is their robust, long-lasting blooms that emit a distinctive wild musky fragrance.
As houseplants, Phalaenopsis are often displayed in hanging baskets. For those who prefer to keep them indoors in pots, they require a sturdy mounting medium.
These plants have unique needs: they thrive in bright light and humid environments. Depending on the specific species, some Phalaenopsis can grow up to 3ft tall.
Native to southeast Asia and New Guinea, these orchids are deeply rooted in their natural habitats.
Vanilla Orchids
The Vanilla Orchid genus is renowned for producing the popular culinary ingredient, vanilla. If you’re planning to cultivate one, it’s essential to provide a spacious, vertical environment where they can climb. These orchids will flourish in bright, diffused light or partial shade conditions. What sets them apart from other orchid species is their unique characteristic of growing on vines.
As an added bonus, Vanilla Orchids produce fragrant, greenish-white flowers that bloom daily for a two-month period. Interestingly, this genus is native to South and Central America, making it a fascinating addition to any orchid enthusiast’s collection.
Zygopetalum Orchids
These striking orchids are renowned for their vibrant displays of color, thanks to their profuse flowering and intoxicating wild musky fragrance that fills the air from fall to spring. When it comes to lighting, they thrive best in bright, diffused light or partial shade. Interestingly, some cultivars are more resilient than others, capable of blooming until winter’s chill sets in.
Their petals boast stunning veined or spotted patterns in a kaleidoscope of colors including purple, maroon, and chartreuse. With only 14 species comprising this orchid family, these flowers truly stand out for their unique beauty. Whether grown outdoors in shade or indoors under bright lights, they can reach impressive heights of up to 2ft.
Native to South America, particularly Brazil, these exotic blooms are a true marvel of nature.
Conclusion
Orchids are a true marvel of nature, boasting an astonishing 25,000 species and hybrids that cater to a wide range of preferences. Despite their long history, these flowers continue to impress with their visual appeal, hardiness, and ease of care. When it comes to selecting the perfect orchid for your garden or home, however, things can get complex.
Each type has its unique set of requirements, making it essential to identify the best option for your region’s climate, growth conditions, and personal gardening style. For those who are willing to put in the time and effort, orchids offer a rewarding experience. They can add a touch of elegance and vibrancy to any space, with some species blooming for up to six months straight.
The versatility of orchids is also noteworthy, as they can be grown in baskets or pots, and many varieties don’t require staking. Whether you’re looking to create a lush garden display or brighten up your indoor space, orchids are an excellent choice.
Related Posts
Indoor gardening can be a wonderful way to bring some greenery into your home. With so many options available, it’s easy to get overwhelmed. That’s why we’ve compiled the top 4 indoor gardening care tips for you. From choosing the right plants for your space to extending the life of your houseplants, these guidelines will help you navigate the world of indoor gardening with ease.
Whether you’re looking to start an indoor herb garden or simply want to keep your existing plants thriving, this advice is sure to come in handy.
